Physics

Calculate bearing L10 operating life or the minimum dynamic load rating C needed for a target life.

Convert post-snug bolt rotation between turns and degrees, keep snug torque separate, and calculate ideal thread advance from US TPI.

Check cable reel capacity, fit margin, cable net weight, and loaded-reel gross weight from cable data and reel dimensions.

Estimate bolt preload from torque or torque from target preload for common inch fasteners, with a simplified proof-load check.

Estimate water hammer surge pressure, closure timing, total pressure, and margin below the lowest component pressure rating.

Size or check a condensate return pipe using load, pressure, flash steam, pipe schedule, and a velocity target.

Calculate steam trap capacity in lb/h, minimum pressure difference in psid, and check a candidate rating at the same chart pressure.

Estimate liquid flow from orifice plate DP, or find required DP for target flow using actual pipe ID, bore, density, and coefficient.

Estimate pump VFD energy savings, optional demand-charge savings, and simple payback from measured kW or motor nameplate data.

Find a centrifugal pump operating flow and head from pump curve points and either a known design point or pipe data.