Physics

Calculate intrinsic carrier concentration from temperature and semiconductor parameters using general or silicon empirical methods.

Compute principal stresses, max shear, and transformed stress on a selected plane with clear angle and sign-convention guidance.

Calculate natural frequency in Hz and rad/s for mass-spring, cantilever beam, and simply supported beam cases.

Calculate number density from moles, particles, mass, or ideal gas inputs with clear unit conversions and lab-friendly outputs.

Calculate Poisson’s ratio, axial strain, or lateral strain with sign-aware inputs and optional dimension-change mode.

Calculate 2D plane-stress principal stresses, principal angles, mean stress, and maximum in-plane shear with clear sign handling.

Calculate elastic section modulus, moment of inertia, and c for common shapes, with an optional bending stress check.

Calculate shear modulus from stress and strain or from E and Poisson’s ratio, with unit conversions and isotropic assumption checks.

Calculate shear strain for simple shear or shaft torsion, with engineering and tensor strain shown side by side.

Calculate shear stress for force-area, bolt or pin shear, and round-shaft torsion with clear units and formula selection.